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GOVERNOR
(1.) Heb. nagid, a prominent, conspicuous person, whatever his capacity: as, chief of the royal palace (2-Chr 28:7; comp. 1-Kings 4:6), chief of the temple (1-Chr 9:11; Jer. 20:1), the leader of the Aaronites (1-Chr 12:27), keeper of the sacred treasury (26:24), captain of the army (13:1), the king (1-Sam 9:16), the Messiah (Dan. 9:25). (2.) Heb. nasi, raised; exalted. Used to denote the chiefs of families (Num. 3:24, Num. 3: 30, 32, 35); also of tribes (2:3;7:2;3:32). These dignities appear to have been elective, not hereditary. (3.) Heb. pakid, an officer or magistrate. It is used of the delegate of the high priest (2-Chr 24:11), the Levites (Neh. 11:22), a military commander (2-Kings 25:19), Joseph's officers in Egypt (Gen. 41:34). (4.) Heb. shallit, one who has power, who rules (Gen. 42:6; Ezra 4:20; Eccl. 8:8; Dan. 2:15;5:29). (5.) Heb. aluph, literally one put over a thousand, i.e., a clan or a subdivision of a tribe. Used of the "dukes" of Edom (Gen. 36), and of the Jewish chiefs (Zech. 9:7). (6.) Heb. moshel, one who rules, holds dominion. Used of many classes of rulers (Gen. 3:16;24:2;45:8; Psa 105:20); of the Messiah (Micah 5:2); of God (1-Chr 29:12; Psa 103:19). (7.) Heb. sar, a ruler or chief; a word of very general use. It is used of the chief baker of Pharaoh (Gen. 40:16); of the chief butler (0:2, 0: etc. See also Gen. 47:6; Exo 1:11; Dan. 1:7; Judg. 10:18; 1-Kings 22:26;20:15; 2-Kings 1:9; 2-Sam 24:2). It is used also of angels, guardian angels (Dan. 10:13, Dan. 10: 20, 21;12:1;10:13;8:25). (8.) Pehah, whence _pasha_, i.e., friend of the king; adjutant; governor of a province (2-Kings 18:24; Isa. 36:9; Jer. 51:57; Ezek. 23:6, Ezek. 23: 23; Dan. 3:2; Esther 3:12), or a perfect (Neh. 3:7;5:14; Ezra 5:3; Hag. 1:1). This is a foreign word, Assyrian, which was early adopted into the Hebrew idiom (1-Kings 10:15). (9.) The Chaldean word _segan_ is applied to the governors of the Babylonian satrapies (Dan. 3:2, Dan. 3: 27;6:7); the prefects over the Magi (2:48). The corresponding Hebrew word _segan_ is used of provincial rulers (Jer. 51:23, Jer. 51: 28, 57); also of chiefs and rulers of the people of Jerusalem (Ezra 9:2; Neh. 2:16;4:14, 4: 19;5:7, 5: 17;7:5;12:40). In the New Testament there are also different Greek words rendered thus. (1.) Meaning an ethnarch (2-Cor 11:32), which was an office distinct from military command, with considerable latitude of application. (2.) The procurator of Judea under the Romans (Matt. 27:2). (Comp. Luke 2:2, Luke 2: where the verb from which the Greek word so rendered is derived is used.) (3.) Steward (Gal. 4:2). (4.) Governor of the feast (John 2:9), who appears here to have been merely an intimate friend of the bridegroom, and to have presided at the marriage banquet in his stead. (5.) A director, i.e., helmsman; Lat. gubernator, (James 3:4).
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